Diabetes is linked to a higher risk of specific cancers in both men and women, according to results from a large, long-term study. The NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which followed more than 500,000 patients ages 50 to 71, found that having diabetes increased the risk of colon, rectal, and liver cancers in both men and women. The risk of pancreatic and bladder cancer was higher in men with diabetes, and the risk of stomach, anal, and endometrial cancers was higher in women with diabetes. However, diabetes is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer in men, which experts believe is due to lower levels of testosterone found with the disease.