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High Levels Of Sitting Time Ups Diabetes Risk For Women

High Levels Of Sitting Time Ups Diabetes Risk For Women 

Thu, 23 Feb 2012

  

A new study suggests that women who sit for up to seven hours a day may be at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. 

Researchers from the University of Leicester found that women who spend the most time sitting down during the week are more likely to show early signs of the disease than those who are more active. However, no such link was found in men. 

For their study, the scientists questioned 505 men and women aged 59 or over on their sedentary behaviour and conducted tests to measure levels of certain chemicals in their blood known to be linked with the onset of diabetes

The results showed that women sat between an average of four and seven hours each day and men between four and eight hours. 

Women who sat the longest had higher levels of insulin, which suggested their bodies were becoming resistant to the hormone, thus increasing their chances of developing diabetes 

They also had higher readings of C-reactive protein, leptin, adinopectin and interleukin-6, all chemicals released by fatty tissue in the abdomen and which point to dangerous inflammation 

In a report, the researchers said: “This study provides new evidence that higher levels of sitting time, independent of physical activity, have a deleterious impact on insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation in women but not men.”

“It suggests enabling women to spend less time sitting is an important factor in preventing chronic disease .” 

Commenting on why the same results were not found in the male participants, they explained that this may be because women tend to snack more than men during sedentary behaviour, and men engage in more robust activity once they do get moving.

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Diabetes Affects Cancer Risk

Diabetes is linked to a higher risk of specific cancers in both men and women, according to results from a large, long-term study. The NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which followed more than 500,000 patients ages 50 to 71, found that having diabetes increased the risk of colon, rectal, and liver cancers in both men and women. The risk of pancreatic and bladder cancer was higher in men with diabetes, and the risk of stomach, anal, and endometrial cancers was higher in women with diabetes. However, diabetes is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer in men, which experts believe is due to lower levels of testosterone found with the disease.

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White rice link seen with Type 2 diabetes, says study

AsianScientist (Mar. 19, 2012) – The risk of type 2 diabetes is significantly increased if white rice is eaten regularly, says a study published last Friday in the journal BMJ.

Led by researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health, the goal of the study was to determine whether this diabetes risk is dependent on the amount of rice consumed and if the association is stronger for the Asian population, who tend to eat more white rice than the Western world.

On average, Chinese populations eat an average of four portions a day while those in the Western world eat less than five portions a week.

The authors analyzed the results of four studies: two in Asian countries (China and Japan) and two in Western countries (USA and Australia). All participants were diabetes free at study baseline.

A significant trend was found in both Asian and Western countries with a stronger association found amongst women than men. The more white rice eaten, the higher the risk of type 2 diabetes: with each increased serving of white rice (assuming 158 g per serving) contributing to a 10 percent increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes.

“In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that higher white rice intake is associated with a significantly elevated risk of type 2 diabetes, especially among Asian populations,” the authors write. “The recent transition in nutrition characterised by dramatically decreased physical activity levels and much improved security and variety of food has led to increased prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance in Asian countries.”

White rice is the predominant type of rice eaten worldwide and has high glycemic index (GI) values. High GI diets have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Compared to brown rice, it has a lower content of nutrients including fiber, magnesium, and vitamins, which may contribute to the increased risk, the authors report.

The authors caution that an increased intake of other sources of refined carbohydrates such as pastries, white bread, and sugar sweetened beverages may also contribute to type 2 diabetes, not simply just white rice. They recommend eating whole grains instead of refined carbohydrates, which they hope will help slow down the global diabetes epidemic.

Both Asian and Western cultures are susceptible to this diabetes risk, the authors say, although it is thought that Asian countries are at a higher risk due to a generally higher rice consumption.

The article can be found at: Hu EA et al. (2012) White rice consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis and systematic review.

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‘Healthy’ Foods to Avoid

 

Fat-free! All-natural! Vitamin-enriched! Labels like these guide us through the grocery store. But products that tout nutritional benefits are often anything but good for you. The food industry is given wide leeway to promote their products, so it’s up to us to ferret out the imposters.

That means reading nutrition labels to see what ingredients products actually contain. Some of the worst offenders turn up in foods you’d least suspect. Those so-called health bars, for example, may contain protein and some vitamins and minerals, but they’re often loaded with salt and sugar as well.

And just because something is seasoned with sea salt, doesn’t mean it’s any healthier. “It’s going to have the same amount of sodium as table salt,” says Denise Cole, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic, but “we need less of it to make our food taste better because it’s a coarser grind than table salt. So, just remember, we’re still getting the same amount of sodium, it’s just in a different form.”

And the next time you reach for that low-fat peanut butter, think again. Often, the healthy peanut fat has been removed and replaced with added sugar to make up for the loss in flavor. That’s actually the case for many fat-free and low-fat products.

Of course, you don’t always have nutrition labels to guide you to the healthiest choices at the market. And when you’re in the produce section, all those greens can be overwhelming. In that case, let color be your guide.

“Iceberg lettuce actually has very little nutritional value. It’s mostly water, so if you’re looking to get good vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, you want to look at darker, greener lettuces, like romaine and spinach and kale,” Cole says. “The darker … a lettuce, the more nutrition it has.”

Here’s another tip: “Whole grain” and “multigrain” are not interchangeable terms. Whole grains are healthier because they contain all parts of the grain kernel. But multigrain simply means the food contains more than one type of grain.

When in doubt, just remember to read the type behind the hype.

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The Top 10 Lies We Tell Our Doctors

When you’re on the exam table, fibbing to your doctor about a few of your health habits might not seem like such a big deal — and if you do lie, you’re certainly not alone. Plenty of patients want to skirt a scolding about smoking, drinking, or a fried-food-filled diet. 

But before you fudge the truth, consider this: One little lie to your doc can keep him from doing his job well and, as a result, can have a serious impact on your overall health and longevity. To help you make the right decision, here are the top 10 lies that doctors hear — and the negative health impact that each one carries.

Lie No. 1: I quit smoking months ago.

This is one of the most common lies doctors hear. Not only is this one bad for your health, it also prevents your doctor from being able to treat you properly. “If a physician advises a patient to stop smoking, but he does not, this may cause the physician to believe that a disease or the symptoms of a disease are progressing,” says Bernie Ranchero, MD, a physician with Doctors Express in Creve Coeur, Mo., instead of being due to continued smoking.

Lie No. 2: I rarely drink.

Most doctors have no qualms with a drink a day for women and two for men, but many people still lie to their physicians about drinking altogether. This is bad news when it comes to your overall longevity. “Too much alcohol causes weight gain and will cause abnormal liver tests,” says Nieca Goldberg, MD, medical director of the NYU Women’s Heart Program. “The doctor always finds out the truth sooner or later, so why waste time lying about it?”

Lie No. 3: I’m a fitness nut!

Lying to your doctor about exercise really hurts you the most. “Just saying you exercise doesn’t improve your health,” says Dr. Goldberg. “You need to actually do the exercise. It’s not hurting the doctor’s feelings if you don’t take her advice, but it can hurt your health.”

Lie No. 4: I only take the medications I’m prescribed.

More and more people these days are becoming addicted to prescription medications, particularly painkillers. This can lead them into the very dangerous practice of going from doctor to doctor in an attempt to solicit more painkiller prescriptions. It’s a dangerous game, both for you and the doctor. “The patients I am treating for chronic pain syndromes are requested to sign a ‘pain contract’ and submit to periodic urine drug screens, and I frequently find that people are lying about taking pain medications from other doctors,” says Jeffrey Moy, MD, of Doctors Express Urgent Care in Sacramento, Calif.

Lie No. 5: I don’t skip any of my medications.

The flip side? Lying to your doctor about taking all the medications he actually did prescribe to you. If you stopped your meds for any reason, it’s important to be honest with your physician. “Tell your doctor if you have concerns about the medication you take. He needs to know about any side effects you have been having or if you stopped taking it because it is too expensive — he may be able to prescribe a generic,” says Goldberg. “Good doctor-patient relationships are partnerships. If there is something holding you back from doing what’s best for your health, you’ll have the help you need to get through it.”

Lie No. 6: I’m a healthy eater.

When you don’t eat right, you only harm yourself. But you also make it harder for the doctor to determine what’s actually wrong with you if he thinks you’re practicing a healthy habit that you’re really not. Plus, most doctors won’t be fooled by this fib. “The scale in my office — it always tells the truth,” says Goldberg.

Lie No. 7: Sexual problems? No way.

Whether you have multiple partners or a problem with sexual function, disclosing sexual information to your doctor can be embarrassing. But it is also critical for your health. “This intensely personal issue is commonly hidden from providers,” says Donald Darst, MD, an internal medicine specialist at the Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha. “This includes topics of sexual function, homosexuality or bisexuality, and promiscuity. All of these have important health consequences and need to be divulged. You might feel very vulnerable, but take a deep breath and tell your doctor.”

Lie No. 8: Ouch, I feel awful!

In some cases, patients will invent symptoms or exaggerate existing symptoms in an attempt to get medications from their doctor that they don’t really need, says Dr. Ranchero. This puts both the patient and doctor at risk. When it comes to your own health and longevity, it’s important to be as specific and accurate about your symptoms as possible.

Lie No. 9: I’m not sure when my symptoms started.

Another dangerous example of lying to your doctor is leaving out pertinent details about your symptoms or condition because you are embarrassed about it. “The specifics of when, where, and how your symptoms started is crucial in developing the diagnosis,” says Ranchero. “For instance, if a patient is not completely honest or does not share that these symptoms occurred after a specific act (such as taking illicit drugs or ingesting a toxin), or if the patient does not want to share out of embarrassment, then this may lead the clinician to a different conclusion or treatment.”

Lie No. 10: I have no family history of that disease.

Lying to your doctor about your family history of a disease is a surefire way to sabotage your overall health and longevity down the road. “It is critical that you tell your physician your compete medical, family, and social history,” says Ranchero. “It is important to know if there is a genetic history for certain cancers. This will help develop the physician’s diagnosis.” Telling the truth about your family mental health history is important, too.

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Technology In Diabetes

Diabetes is a progressive disease; therefore, a single treatment regimen cannot be followed for long. Also it is a complex disease with genetic predisposition; hence, a single therapeutic regimen is not applicable in all cases.

The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions, resulting in an enormous increase in the need for dialysis and coronary artery bypass grafts. Treatments are also needed for eye disease ,neuropathy, sexual dysfunction depression and leg ulcers. According to the international Diabetes Federation (IDF), in 2011, the number of persons suffering from diabetes in india was 61.3 million and is estimated to reach 101.2 million by 2030. Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder, with a multitude of components, one of which is the elevation or excursion in blood sugar .The complexity of the disease urgently requires technological interventions to be a part of day to day management in the absence of which the therapy fails, as is happening with more than 80 % of patients on conventional diabetes treatment.

After the publication of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) with type 1 diabetes , and the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) with type 2 diabetes, the management of diabetes has radically changed in the past decade. Now, self –monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with a glucometer , has become indispensable, whatever may be the type and stage of the illness. Technology in diabetes is linked to blood glucose monitoring and delivery devices. Blood Glucose monitors and insulin pens have been popular for years. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and insulin pump therapy are being incorporated gradually and systematically into routine diabetes therapy. The idea behind incorporating technology in diabetes care is to ensure success in maintaining healthy levels of HbA1c,blood pressure and LDL cholesterol thereby , preventing the onset of micro and macro vascular complications of diabetes.

Diabetes is a progressive disease therefore a single treatment regimen cannot be followed for long Also, it is a complex disease with genetic predisposition hence , a single therapeutic regimen is not applicable in all cases.CGM replaces the pricking of a finger tip to get a drop of blood , which is used ia a glucometer to measure the blood glucose with a stand alone tiny sensor needle with measures up to 288 blood glucose values over a period of 24 hours and can be situ from three days to three weeks. This device can be used as a blindor a real time device where the patient will be able to see the change in the blood glucose trends, the lows the highs , the excursions, the trend during sleep etc, This is the first in a series of columns that will deal with technological innovations in diabetes.

Source: DOC N DOC, February 2012 by Jothydev Kesavadev, MD

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Newly diagnosed diabetics have 1-year time to control BP without drugs

Washington, Jan 10 : Middle-aged adults who are recently diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension have at least one year time to try to learn how to control their high blood pressure without medications, but further delay can increase damage, a new study has suggested.
The consequences of delaying effective hypertension treatment for up to a year were small-a two-day reduction in quality-adjusted life expectancy-according to University of Chicago researchers
But as the delay gets longer, the damages multiply. A ten-year delay decreased life expectancy by almost five months.
“For newly diagnosed patients, this means we have time,” said study author Neda Laiteerapong, MD, instructor of medicine at the University of Chicago.
“Most patients would prefer to control their blood pressure through diet and exercise rather than with medications, and it can take months to learn how to change old habits and master new skills. Our results indicate that it’s ok to spend from six months to a year, perhaps even longer, to make the difficult lifestyle changes that are necessary and will pay off in the long run,” she explained.
The study was published online for the Journal of General Internal Medicine. (ANI)

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After ban on diabetes drug, docs flooded with queries

Over 30 lakh diabetes patients across the country were on pioglitazone drug banned last week
City doctors are receiving anxious calls from diabetic patients worried about ban on anti-diabetic drug pioglitazone.
“Pioglitazone is a good drug. The only issue is that it should be used with certain restrictions,” said Dr KP Singh, senior consultant, endocrinology, Fortis Hospital, SAS Nagar.
He said, “It is an affordable drug, which is at least 10 times cheaper as compared to other medicines. So we were prescribing it commonly.” Following the ban, now Dr Singh is getting 30-40 queries every day from his patients regarding the medicine. The medicine, Dr Singh said, should not be used for patients suffering from urinary bladder cancer, heart problems, kidney failure. “The patients can now either switch to insulin or opt for costlier yet less effective drugs,” Dr Singh said. According to experts, Pioglitazone is the second and third line of treatment for Type 2 diabetes.
According to data available, over 30-lakh diabetes patients across the country were on pioglitazone drug banned last week. The union health ministry had issued a notification announcing the ban on June 18. Along with pioglitazone, two other drugs – analgin (painkiller) and deanxit (anti-depressant) – were also banned due to alleged health risks associated with the drugs.
Doctors complained that the Indian government relied on foreign data which links urinary bladder cancer with the intake of pioglitazone. Some doctors allege that scientific evidence was ignored before banning the drug and that its benefits outweigh the risk factors.
However, Dr RJ Dash, considered a pioneer in endocrinology in the country, believes that it was a right decision to ban the medicine. “When it is established that there are serious side effects of the medicine then there is no question of continuing the sale of medicine,” he said.
He added that some physicians were using this medicine mindlessly without knowing its side effects, so it was right to stop the sale of this medicine.
Ref: HT live Chandigarh- Tuesday, July 9,2013

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Everyday Chemicals May Up Obesity And Diabetes Risk

Man-made chemicals in everyday items such as paint, plastics and mattresses may be linked to the sharp rise in obesity and diabetes in western societies, researchers have warned.
Analysis of 240 scientific papers on obesity, pollution and type 2 diabetes suggests increasing exposure to chemicals, such as pesticides, paint additives, flame retardants, diesel and common substances in food packaging and plastic bottles, play an important role in the development of both conditions.
The chemicals enter the food chain and build up in the body where they mimic or interfere with the effect of hormones to encourage the storage of fat, alter appetite and slow the rate at which fat is burned, the researchers claim.
Co-author Professor Miquel Porta, from the School of Public health at the University of North Carolina, said: “The epidemics in obesity and diabetes are extremely worrying. The role of hormone disrupting chemicals in this must be addressed. The number of such chemicals that contaminate humans is considerable.”
“We must encourage new policies that help minimise human exposure to all relevant hormone disrupters, especially women planning pregnancy, as it appears to be the foetus developing in utero that is at greatest risk.
He added that the link between environmental chemicals and diabetes in people was first made more than 15 years ago and that the volume and strength of evidence has been ‘particularly persuasive’ since 2006.

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Repeated antibiotic use linked to diabetes

People who need treating with repeated courses of antibiotics may be at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, researchers have found.
The European Journal of Endocrinology study traced antibiotic prescriptions given out to a million UK patients.
The authors say the findings do not necessarily mean that the drugs trigger diabetes – instead, infections may be a warning sign that diabetes is imminent.
They say more work is now needed to understand the link.
This is a very large and helpful study linking diabetes with antibiotic consumption in the UK public, but at this stage we don’t know which is the chicken and which is the eggJodi Lindsay , Professor of Microbial Pathogenesis at St George’s, University of London
The study looked at how many antibiotic prescriptions had been given to 208,000 diabetic patients – both type 1 and type 2 diabetics – at least one year before they were diagnosed with their condition, compared with 816,000 non-diabetic patients of the same age and sex.
Nearly half of the patients had been prescribed antibiotics at some point over the course of the study period.
And the researchers found the risk of type 2 diabetes went up with the number of antibiotic prescriptions a patient received.
For example:
The risk of type 2 diabetes was 8% higher among patients prescribed two to five courses of penicillin-type antibiotics, and 23% higher among those given more than five courses of these drugs
For another class of antibiotics known as quinolones, type 2 diabetes risk was 15% higher among patients prescribed two to five courses and 37% higher among those given more than five courses
No link was found with antifungal drugs and antiviral drugs. And antibiotic use did not appear to affect risk of type 1 diabetes.
At least half of human faeces is made up of bacteria shed from the gut
The researchers, Dr Ben Boursi and colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in the US, believe changes to gut bacteria triggered by taking antibiotics might explain their findings.
Our guts are lined with billions of bacteria and antibiotics can wipe some of these out.
Studies in animals and humans have hinted that changes to this “digestive ecosystem” might contribute to conditions such as diabetes and obesity.
Dr Boursi said: “Over-prescription of antibiotics is already a problem around the world as bacteria become increasingly resistant to their effects.
“Our findings are important, not only for understanding how diabetes may develop, but as a warning to reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatments that might do more harm than good.”
But some say repeated infections could be a sign that diabetes is developing. People with type 2 diabetes are prone to skin and urine infections, for example.
Prof Jodi Lindsay from St George’s, University of London, said that since people with type 2 diabetes were at increased risk of developing infections, it was hard to tease the two apart.
“This is a very large and helpful study linking diabetes with antibiotic consumption in the UK public, but at this stage we don’t know which is the chicken and which is the egg.
“The idea that antibiotics might contribute to diabetes development might be important and more research needs to be done.”

By Michelle RobertsHealth editor, BBC News online
25 March 2015